ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯇ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ 657
ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ 18
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯁꯤꯈ ꯒꯨꯔꯗ ꯭ ꯋꯥꯔꯥꯁ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ 2003ꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯍꯖꯙꯔꯤꯅ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯜ ꯊꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯍꯖꯙꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯈꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯈꯜꯗ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯁꯤꯈ ꯒꯨꯔꯗ ꯭ ꯋꯥꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1925ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯖꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁꯃꯤꯔꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯄꯥꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯖꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯌꯣꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠ ꯁꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
1974ꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯅꯆꯦꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯕꯪꯒ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯗꯦꯁꯇ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯕꯪꯒ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯗꯦꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯕꯪꯒ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯗꯦꯁꯇ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯀꯦꯁꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯣꯔ 2ꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯣꯔꯠꯅ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ ꯭ ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯈ 20ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯣꯔ 2ꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯍ ꯭ ꯌꯣꯌꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯟꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯣꯃꯤꯌꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1973ꯗ होꯃꯤꯑꯣꯄꯦꯊꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯖꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯃꯤꯔ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯗꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯗꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ'ꯀꯕꯤꯔꯄꯥꯟꯊꯤ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯍꯥ "ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯗꯥꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯒꯔ ꯍꯥꯚꯦꯂꯤ) ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1962, ꯑꯁꯤ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯑꯦꯛꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. ꯅ ꯄꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯐꯟꯗ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯍꯃꯗꯕꯥꯗꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯐꯨꯗ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯣ. ꯗ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯑꯣꯊोरिटीꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯭ ꯗ ꯭ ꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 2006ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯤꯐꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯖꯤꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯕꯨ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯑꯣꯊोरिटीꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯜꯂꯤ,...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯅꯦꯜꯅ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯂꯧꯋꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯌꯔꯃꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ, ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯋꯛꯐ ꯑꯦꯛꯠꯅ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯝꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ ꯫
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯋꯥꯛꯐ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯁꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯆꯥꯗ 25 ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜꯁ (ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯀꯃꯣꯗꯦꯁꯟ) ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1949 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ, ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯔꯤꯖꯔ ꯭ ꯕ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯀꯠ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯩꯆ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯚꯤ. ꯑꯣꯝꯕꯗ ꯭ ꯁꯃꯦꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯏ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯁꯦꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯩꯆ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯚꯤ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯛꯁꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯏꯪ 2001ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯁ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯅꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ.-ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯆꯦꯜꯍꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯣꯛ ꯁꯚꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯄꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯑꯁꯥꯝ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜꯗ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 171 (3) (ꯑꯦ) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ 42, 14 ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯁꯥꯝ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ (ꯑꯞꯄꯔ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ) ꯑꯃ ꯁꯦꯝꯏ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔꯠꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯟ 8 (4) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠꯀꯤ ꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁꯂꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯆꯠꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1951ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 124 ꯑꯦ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯐ ꯖꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯁ, ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝꯒꯤ ꯖꯖ ꯭ ꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯅꯕ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯍꯥꯞꯂꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖꯤꯌꯝ ꯁꯤꯁꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯭ ꯁ ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯇꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯅꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯄꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯒꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯁꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1940ꯗ ꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯒꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯁꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1995 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯥꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯄꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠꯅ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1995 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯥꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯕ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯦ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1951ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯄꯨꯂꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯁꯇꯗꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ'ꯔꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯚ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯕ ꯕ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯎꯟ "ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯏ-ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯃꯦꯔꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1955 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ ꯭ ꯄꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯔꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1954ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯒ'ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯕ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯅꯂꯟꯗꯥ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡ ₹ 2154.35 ꯀꯦꯄꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯆꯥꯗꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯣꯔ, ꯔꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯞꯁꯤꯕ ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯅꯂꯟꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 2010ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ, ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ./ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯌꯔꯄꯔꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯄꯤ. ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ (ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗꯤꯁꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ) ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1959ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯀꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯃꯔꯆꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯠ ꯁꯤꯄꯤꯡ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ 16 ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯔꯤꯇꯥꯏꯝ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯀꯟꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ, 2006 (ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯁꯤ.) ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯆꯦꯟꯠ ꯁꯤꯄꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1958ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯛꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1956ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯒ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ (ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯞꯀꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯛꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯄꯥꯀꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯥꯟ, ꯕꯪꯒ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯗꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯉꯤ ꯫
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