ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯞ 40ꯗ ꯄꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ 40 (ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ 19) ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕ 1988ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯠꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯆꯝꯕ ꯐꯣꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯦ: ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1948 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯋꯦꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1948ꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯐꯔꯁꯠ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯥꯏꯟ 16ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ'ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ "ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ'ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ" ꯏꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯇꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ (ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ 40 ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ) ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯫
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯦ
- ꯑꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯏꯖ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ 19ꯗꯒꯤ 40ꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
- ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟ (ꯐꯣꯔꯝ I) ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯐꯣꯔꯝ II ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯝ III) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
- ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔ, ꯐ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯄꯤ, ꯗꯤꯁꯀꯦꯠ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯄꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯚꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯊोरिटीꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤ ꯫
- ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯜꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯏ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯂꯦꯞ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯫
- ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯦꯛꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯋꯦꯖ ꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯠ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯄꯤꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯠꯇꯁꯨ
- ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯂꯣꯁ (ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯁꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯕ) ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1988 ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
- ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯐꯔꯁꯠ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ 16 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
- ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯣꯕꯖꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯠꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯔꯤꯖꯟꯁꯅ 2005ꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ 2011ꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ: ꯑꯥꯏꯟ (ꯑꯦꯛꯠ) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯏꯈꯤ
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯗ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯝꯔꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ-ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟꯅ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟꯈꯤ; ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯆꯦ ꯑꯗꯨ
ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ-ꯕꯤꯜꯁꯤꯡ (ꯂꯣꯛ ꯁꯚꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌ ꯁꯚꯥ)
ꯕꯤꯜ/ꯂꯣ · ꯔꯤꯐꯔ. IX · 23 ꯃꯥꯔꯆ 2011
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ
ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯈꯟꯅꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯫