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QA Â ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯧꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ
ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥꯗ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ
ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ-لینگ ꯭ ꯋꯦꯖ ꯁ ꯭ ꯃꯤꯔꯤ (ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ.-ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯇꯦꯗ) - ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕ ꯄꯤ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯅꯕ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯄꯥꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯫ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ; ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫
ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ?
ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯂꯥꯁꯣꯔꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯗꯒꯤ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯍꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯛꯄ, ꯁꯥ ꯌꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯌꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯂꯌꯅ पाउखुम ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯍꯪꯈꯤ/पाउखुम ꯄꯤꯈꯤ
ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯇꯥꯞ ꯆꯟꯗ ꯭ ꯔ ꯁꯥꯔꯪꯒꯤ (ꯍꯪꯖꯕ), ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯛꯄ, ꯁꯥ ꯌꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯌꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ (ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯕ)
ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ
- ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯕ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯜ: ꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯨ ꯔꯤꯚꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯋꯥꯏ. ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ₹1, <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ (ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ: ₹ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ) ꯫
- ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯞ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯒꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯠ 13 (ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯜ: ₹ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ, ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯕꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ: ₹ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ)
- ꯕꯥꯂꯥꯁꯣꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯒꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯠ 2 (ꯃꯃꯜ: ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯣꯔ 8.26)
- ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯨꯈ ꯭ ꯌꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯃꯠꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥꯖꯤꯕꯤ ꯀꯂꯌꯟ ꯌꯣꯖꯅꯥ (ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯀꯦ. ꯋꯥꯏ.)
- ꯆꯟꯗꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯐꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯔꯕꯔ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯟꯕ (ꯃꯃꯜ: ꯂꯨꯄꯥ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ)
- ꯕꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯜꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯁ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯦꯠ (ꯃꯃꯜ: ꯂꯨꯄꯥ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ)
- 5 ꯑꯏꯪ-ꯑꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ ꯭ ꯔ ꯈꯣꯡꯕꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪꯁꯤꯡ
- ꯀꯣꯜ ꯭ ꯗ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ/ꯑꯥꯏꯁ ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯟꯠ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 6
- ꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯖ ꯀꯜꯆꯔ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁꯟ (ꯃꯃꯜ: ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯣꯔ 2.57)
- ꯍꯦꯛꯇꯔ 107ꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯪꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤ
- ꯐꯤꯟꯐꯤꯁ ꯍꯦꯆꯔꯤ 3 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ ꯭ ꯀꯦꯝꯄꯤ ꯍꯦꯆꯔꯤ 1 ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ
- ꯕꯥꯂꯥꯁꯣꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕः ꯂꯨꯄꯥ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ (ꯆꯥꯗ 86 ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕ: ₹ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ)
ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯒꯗꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
- ꯑꯦꯟꯅꯦꯛꯆꯔ 1ꯗ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ
- ꯕꯥꯂꯥꯁꯣꯔꯅ ꯁ ꯭ ꯀꯦꯝꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯁꯇꯔ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ
- ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ: ꯆꯥꯗ 86 (ꯂꯨꯄꯥ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯔꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯀꯔꯣꯔ)
| ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ | ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ-ꯄ ꯭ ꯋꯥꯁ ꯭ ꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ansures (ꯂꯣꯛ ꯁꯚꯥ, ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯥꯔ) |
| ꯔꯤꯐꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ | ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨ. 33 (ꯁꯦꯁꯟ 8) |
| ꯐꯤꯕꯝ | ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ (ꯁꯔꯨꯛ: ꯄꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯋꯦꯁꯟ) |
| ꯆꯍꯤ | 21.0 |
| ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡ | — |
| ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ | 1 |
ꯍꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ & ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯣꯇꯣ-ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯇꯦꯗ, ꯅ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯕꯖꯔꯕꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯫ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯫ ꯀꯥꯎꯟ ꯖꯤꯝꯃꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯠꯐꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯣꯏ ꯑꯃ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ ꯫
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯫
ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯤ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯇꯦꯕ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯄꯜ-ꯁ ꯭ ꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯎ ꯫
ꯁ ꯭ ꯋꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯠ
21.07.2026
ls18s8-q33.pdf
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯄꯤ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯎ ꯇꯞ ꯇꯧ ꯫
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ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯈꯟꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃ-ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯐꯪꯂꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯫ ꯄꯥꯕꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯗꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ; ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧ ꯫
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