ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯃꯣꯔꯥꯇꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯄꯦꯃꯦꯟꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ

ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯠ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1961ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯥꯗꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ (ꯃꯣꯔꯇꯣꯔꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕ) ꯐꯪꯍꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯒꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯌꯝꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯦ: ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯠ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ (ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯁꯤ. ꯖꯤ. ꯁꯤ.), ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛꯁꯤꯡ (ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯤꯡ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ), ꯕꯦꯡꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ (ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ.) ꯗ ꯑꯀꯥꯏꯕ ꯄꯤ ꯫

ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯦ

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1949ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕ ꯉꯝꯗꯅꯕ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯤꯡꯕ, ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯟ 18 ꯑꯦ ꯑꯃ ꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯐꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯖꯤꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯅ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯔꯤꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯔꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 45ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ بقایا ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟꯅ ꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯏꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ, ꯄꯦ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 90ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯕ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯄꯦ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯫
• ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟꯅ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯌꯝꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯆꯥꯗꯥꯗ ꯄꯦꯁꯥ 15) ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯟ 15 ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟꯅ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯠꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯇꯥꯏꯝ ꯁꯤꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯣ ꯔꯦꯠꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯌꯥꯝꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕꯗ ꯆꯥꯗ 2ꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯧꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ 21ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
• ꯁꯦꯀꯁꯟ 18 ꯑꯦ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯤꯡꯕ, ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ'ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯂꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯤꯡ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ "ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ'ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯂꯕ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ" ꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫

ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯠꯇꯁꯨ

• ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯠ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1961ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯍꯟꯗꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ, ꯃꯣꯔꯥꯇꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯦꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯫
• ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯥꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯟꯗꯝꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯕꯤꯖꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯐꯟꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯇꯧꯗꯕ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ ꯫
• ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗꯇ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯄꯤꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯠꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯡ ꯭ ꯛꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯗꯦꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯄꯤ ꯫