ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤ-ꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯁꯦꯇꯦꯜꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯦꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯦ: ꯑꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯇꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯕ ꯗꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ, ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯗꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯆꯠꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯭ ꯔ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔ, ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯑꯦꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯚꯥꯏꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ/ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯅꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯦ
- ꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤ-ꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯃꯜꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ ꯫
- ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫
- ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯚꯥꯏꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯏ ꯫
- ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯃ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤ ꯫
- ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯁꯦꯇꯦꯜꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯦꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯗ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯫
- ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1872, ꯀꯣꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯣꯔ, 1908, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 2015 ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯠꯇꯁꯨ
- ꯑꯦꯛꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯀꯟꯁꯤꯂꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯕꯤꯖꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯑꯀꯥꯏꯕ ꯄꯤ ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯛꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯟꯗꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯆꯠꯅꯗꯦ ꯫
- ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1872, ꯀꯣꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯣꯔ, 1908, ꯂꯤꯒꯜ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1987, ꯑꯥꯔꯕꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯀꯟꯁꯤꯂꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1996, ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 2013, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ: ꯑꯥꯏꯟ (ꯑꯦꯛꯠ) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯏꯈꯤ
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯗ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯝꯔꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ-ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟꯅ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟꯈꯤ; ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯆꯦ ꯑꯗꯨ
ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ-ꯕꯤꯜꯁꯤꯡ (ꯂꯣꯛ ꯁꯚꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌ ꯁꯚꯥ)
ꯕꯤꯜ/ꯑꯥꯏꯟ · ꯔꯤꯐꯔ. XLIII · 1 ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯭ ꯠ 2023
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ
ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯈꯟꯅꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯫