ꯊꯤꯌꯨ
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ-ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ 3,889 ꯫ ꯍꯦꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯛꯄꯤ ꯫
1605 "ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ" ꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
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ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯤ. ꯖꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯕꯦꯟꯆ ꯈꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯈꯤ
ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯤꯐ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ (ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯃꯦꯟꯠ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯚꯣꯒꯇꯥꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, جھارꯈꯟꯗ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ جھارꯈꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯒꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯄꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯣꯒꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯎꯠꯇꯔ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯦꯁꯅ ꯒꯣꯟꯗꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯇꯔꯨꯛ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯎꯠꯇꯔ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯦꯁ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯀꯁꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
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ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔꯠꯅ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯒꯕꯔꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯄꯇꯤꯅ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ (2025ꯒꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯐꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ 1)...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯕꯦꯠꯇꯥ-ꯀꯨꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯔꯨꯕꯥꯒ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯁ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯅ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯀꯁꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯚꯣꯒꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, جھارꯈꯟꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯚꯣꯒꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯄꯨ جھارꯈꯟꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜ ꯀꯁꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯣꯒꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯅꯥꯔꯤꯀꯣꯔꯕꯟ, ꯀꯨꯔꯤꯕꯤꯀꯔꯟꯕꯨ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯅꯥꯔꯤꯀꯣꯔꯕꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯔꯤꯕꯤꯀꯔꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯥꯜꯃꯤꯀꯤꯕꯨ ꯖꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁꯃꯤꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯖꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁꯃꯤꯔ) ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1956ꯗ'ꯕꯥꯜꯃꯤꯀꯤ "ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯑꯟꯙ ꯭ ꯔ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯦꯁꯅ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯗ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯂ ꯭ ꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯕ-ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯞ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯟꯙ ꯭ ꯔ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯦꯁ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯞꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯁ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯁ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (ꯑꯦꯃꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟꯠ) ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯔ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ, ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯔꯅꯥꯆꯜ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯦꯁ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯞꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯁ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯖꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁꯃꯤꯔ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯖꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁꯃꯤꯔ) ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1989ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯍꯥꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ہماچل ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯗꯦꯁ ꯁꯦꯗꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯤꯔꯃꯣꯔ ꯖꯤꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯁ ꯒꯤꯔꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯁ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ'ꯀꯕꯤꯔꯄꯥꯟꯊꯤ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯍꯥ "ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ. ꯂꯤꯁꯠꯇ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯗꯥꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯒꯔ ꯍꯥꯚꯦꯂꯤ) ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1962, ꯑꯁꯤ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯁꯠꯇꯤꯁꯒꯔꯅ ꯃꯍ ꯭ ꯔꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥ, ꯃꯦꯍꯔ, ꯃꯦꯍꯔꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯠꯇꯤꯁꯒꯔ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 31 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 32A ꯅ ꯑꯞꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯏꯗꯤꯁꯟꯗ'ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ "ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯁ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯂꯌꯅ ꯐꯣꯡꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯔꯨꯛꯁꯨꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ-ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯏꯗꯤꯁꯟꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯞꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ...
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯤ./ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯀꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯡꯒ ꯭ ꯂꯣ-ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
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ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯁꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯣꯔꯠꯅ ꯗꯤꯄꯨꯇꯤ ꯃꯨꯈ ꯭ ꯌ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ
ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ 7ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ (ꯂꯤꯁꯠ I) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯫
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ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠ: ꯏꯪ 1940ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ 16,000ꯅ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯄꯠꯊꯍꯟꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 31-ꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯕꯦꯟꯆ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ (2002ꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯜ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ 1012) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥꯅ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗ ꯄꯔꯤꯕꯥꯔꯥ, ꯇꯥꯂꯥꯋꯥꯔꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥ ꯔꯥꯖ ꯭ ꯌꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯁꯦꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯭ ꯁ) ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, 1950ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫