ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠ: ꯏꯪ 1940ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ 16,000ꯅ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯄꯠꯊꯍꯟꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 31-ꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯕꯦꯟꯆ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ (2002ꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯜ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ 1012) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯌꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯁꯦꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯂꯤꯗꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝꯃꯨꯛꯅ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯍꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯞꯏ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯦ: ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯅꯔꯁ ꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ & ꯑꯣ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯑꯦꯁ. (ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯜꯦꯟꯠꯁꯤꯡ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔ & ꯑꯣ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯑꯦꯁ. (ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯟꯗꯦꯟꯠꯁꯤꯡ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯦꯚꯦꯂꯞꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ 1976 (ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯩꯆ. ꯑꯦ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯦꯛꯠ) ꯅ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ'ꯀꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯗ'ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯆꯦ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯅ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯐꯪꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯅꯕ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡꯏ ꯫
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯅ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 31-ꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯩꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ (ꯁꯤ) ꯗ ꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 14 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 19ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃ'ꯁꯦꯐ ꯍꯕꯔ "ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯫
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯦꯚꯦꯂꯞꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ 1976 (ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯩꯆ. ꯑꯦ. ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯦꯛꯠ), ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯆꯦꯞꯇꯔ VIII-ꯑꯦ, ꯕ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯍꯥꯟ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯗ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯏꯪ 1940ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ 1ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ) ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫
- ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯦ ꯍꯥꯎꯖꯤꯡ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ 1948 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯦ ꯔꯤꯄꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ 1969 ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄ ꯀꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯀ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞꯁꯤꯡꯗ (ꯁꯟꯖꯤꯕ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯠꯂꯥꯜ) ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯔꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯟꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯠꯇꯁꯨ
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯪ 1940ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯌꯨꯝ 16,000 ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯉꯥꯛꯁꯦꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟꯕꯗ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤ ꯫
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯅ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯧꯒꯠꯄꯒ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ ꯫
- ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 31-ꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 14 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 19ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯋꯥꯀꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ 39 (ꯕꯤ) ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ (ꯁꯤ) ꯗ ꯄꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
- ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯖꯦ ꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯠꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯈꯨꯠꯌꯦꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯏꯈꯤ
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯗ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯝꯔꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ-ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟꯅ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟꯈꯤ; ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯆꯦ ꯑꯗꯨ
ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁꯅ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ
ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ · ꯔꯤꯐꯔ. 8cab1914345a486b
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ
ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯈꯟꯅꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯫