ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯑꯀꯨꯇꯥꯁ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜꯁ ꯇꯦꯛꯑꯣꯚꯔꯗ ꯄꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯐꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯇ ꯁꯦꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯕꯤ (ꯁꯕꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯛꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁ) ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ, 2011 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯦ: ꯑꯀꯨꯇꯥꯁ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜꯁ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ (ꯇꯔꯀꯦꯠ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ), ꯚꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ (ꯑꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯌꯔꯔ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯆꯦꯇꯟꯀꯨꯃꯔ ꯆꯒꯟꯂꯥꯜ ꯋꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ (ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤ/ꯁꯦꯇꯦꯜꯔ/ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔꯔ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯦꯁꯀꯨꯃꯔ ꯔꯥꯝꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏ ꯄꯇꯦꯜ (ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯁ ꯄꯥꯔꯨꯜ ꯆꯦꯇꯟꯀꯨꯃꯔ ꯋꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ (ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯑꯙ ꯭ ꯌꯥꯟ ꯆꯦꯇꯟꯀꯨꯃꯔ ꯋꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ (ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯅꯥꯏꯔꯤꯠ ꯆꯦꯇꯟꯀꯨꯃꯔ ꯋꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ (ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤ) ꯫

ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ

• ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯕꯤ (ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ.) ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ, 2011ꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ 3 (1) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ 4 ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫
• ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯆꯦꯇꯟꯀꯨꯃꯔ ꯆꯒꯟꯂꯥꯜ ꯋꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2>, 079 ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1>%) ꯋꯥꯘꯁ ꯭ ꯌꯥ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯖꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯊꯪ-ꯃꯅꯥꯎ ꯅꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
• ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯈꯡꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯌꯔꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ'ꯃꯤꯔꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ "ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯜꯗ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯌꯔꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯦꯝꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯌꯔꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯠꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯗ ꯐꯣꯡꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ/ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯜꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 2ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯗ ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯫

ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯠꯇꯁꯨ

• ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ, ꯑꯀꯨꯇꯥꯁ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜꯁ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯏ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯏ. ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯇꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁ ꯑꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯠ 1882ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯕ, ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕ, ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
• ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ 67.34% ꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯦ ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ 2023ꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ 16ꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯔ ꯁꯔꯀꯨꯂꯔ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯁꯦꯕꯤ/ꯑꯩꯆꯑꯣ/ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯗꯤ./ꯄꯤ. ꯑꯣ. ꯗꯤ.-1/ꯄꯤ./ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ./<ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫