ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1>% ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ

ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ (ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ) ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯦ: ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯖ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ (ꯇꯔꯀꯦꯠ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ), ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ (ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯣꯖ ꯭ ꯗ ꯑꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯌꯔꯔ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯜ ꯖꯦꯟ (ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤ), ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯆꯟꯗ ꯖꯦꯟ (ꯁꯦꯇꯦꯜꯔ), ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ (ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯁ ꯎꯒꯝꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯖꯦꯟ, ꯁ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯁ ꯗꯤꯝꯄꯜ ꯖꯦꯟ, ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯌꯥꯁ ꯖꯦꯟ, ꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯙꯤꯔ ꯖꯦꯟ) ꯫

ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ

• ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯕꯤ (ꯁꯕꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯛꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁ) ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ, 2011ꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ 3,4, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 5ꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫
• تجویز ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯟꯖꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1>% ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁꯇꯗ ꯒꯤꯐ ꯭ ꯠ/ꯁꯦꯇꯦꯜꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁꯠꯅ ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯛꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯏꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 51.60% ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯄꯟꯈꯤ ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯜꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 2ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯗ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯫

ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯠꯇꯁꯨ

• ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯖꯦꯠ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯏꯀ ꯭ ꯋꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯀꯦꯄꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯄꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯍꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯗꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯫
• ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠ ꯗꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ 1882ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ, ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫