NCERT
ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ. ꯅ ꯀꯥꯂꯥ ꯎꯠꯁꯕ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯀꯦꯇꯔꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏ-ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯀꯧꯋꯤ
ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔ ꯭ ꯆ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ.) ꯅ 2024ꯒꯤ ꯖꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯗꯒꯤ ꯅ ꯭ ꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯥꯜ ꯚꯚꯟꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯥꯂꯥ ꯎꯠꯁꯕ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏ-ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯃ ꯀꯧꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯁꯟꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔ ꯭ ꯆ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ.) ꯅ 2024ꯒꯤ ꯖꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 2> ꯗꯒꯤ ꯅ ꯭ ꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯥꯜ ꯚꯚꯟꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯥꯂꯥ ꯎꯠꯁꯕ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯊꯧꯔꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏ 760 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏ-ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯃ ꯀꯧꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯅ ꯕꯤꯗ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ: ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯤꯁꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ. ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯜꯗ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯕ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯐꯥꯔ ꯭ ꯝꯁꯤꯡ/ꯀꯦꯇꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇ: ꯑꯦꯝ/ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯀꯦ. ꯁꯤ. ꯙ ꯭ ꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯦꯁ, ꯑꯦꯝ/ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯁꯨꯀꯥꯟꯠ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯞ, ꯑꯦꯝ/ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯐꯦꯕꯨꯂꯁ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯭ ꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒꯖꯜ ꯀꯦꯇꯔꯔ ꯫
ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
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ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯏꯈꯤ
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯗ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯝꯔꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯆꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ-ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟꯅ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟꯈꯤ; ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯛ ꯭ ꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯆꯦ ꯑꯗꯨ
ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔ ꯭ ꯆ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ.)
ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔ · 16 ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ 2023
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ
ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯈꯟꯅꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯫