ꯊꯤꯌꯨ
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ-ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ 3,135 ꯫ ꯍꯦꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯛꯄꯤ ꯫
1323 "ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯁꯟ" ꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯁꯇ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯊꯪ ꯄꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯖ (ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ) ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ (ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯑꯦꯜ.) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯎꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯗꯨꯅ,...
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ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 14ꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯫
ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ
ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯀꯥꯟꯄꯨꯔꯅ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯆꯥꯏꯕꯤ, ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯏꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯈ 9.76 ꯊꯥꯗꯒꯅꯤ
ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ, ꯀꯥꯟꯄꯨꯔꯅ ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯔꯛꯇ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯆꯥꯏꯕꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯑꯣ. ꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨ. ꯗ ꯑꯦ-ꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯆ-ꯕ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯔꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯏꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯅꯆꯦ ꯄꯤꯔꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ · ꯄꯔꯤꯚꯦꯁ
ꯍꯤꯃꯥꯌꯠꯁꯥꯒꯔ ꯂꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯒꯣꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 1,053 ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯁ ꯏ. ꯁꯤ. ꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯒꯣꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯖ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯚꯥꯏꯔꯟꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯌꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯄꯤ ꯫
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯠ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯛ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1> ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯈꯤ, ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯈꯪꯂꯦ
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯤ. ꯌꯨ. ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯗꯤ. ꯌꯨ. ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯒ ꯭ ꯂꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ) ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯨꯞ 27ꯒꯤ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
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ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ · ꯄꯔꯤꯚꯦꯁ
ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯏ. ꯁꯤ. ꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯏ. ꯖꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯇꯦꯂꯪꯒꯥꯅꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯔꯥꯐꯦꯜ ꯐ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯖꯂꯦꯖ ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯟꯠ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯚꯥꯏꯔꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯌꯔꯦꯟꯁ (ꯏ. ꯁꯤ.) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯁꯣꯜ ꯭ ꯠ ꯔꯥꯐꯦꯜ ꯐ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯖꯂꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯅꯤ ꯫
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯔꯦꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯚꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯇ ꯊꯥ 16ꯒꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯛ ꯇꯤꯞ ꯁ ꯭ ꯀꯤꯝ ꯊꯤꯖꯟ ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯜꯂꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯔꯦꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯚꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ (ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯖꯤ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯑꯦꯜ.) ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯜꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯫
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯔꯦꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟ ꯔꯤꯚꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯄꯤ ꯫
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ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯠ
ꯁꯨꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯝ ꯀꯣꯔꯠꯅ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ, ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯒ ꯃꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯥꯏꯗꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯄꯤ ꯫
ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯦꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯕ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯅꯦꯜ (ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯦ. ꯇꯤ.) ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯔꯛꯄ ꯑꯃ ꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯦꯌꯔꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯥꯏꯁ...
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ
ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯚꯨꯕꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯋꯔ ꯂꯦꯟ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯈ 5.05ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯄꯥꯅꯔꯤ ꯫
ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ (ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ.), ꯚꯨꯕꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯋꯔꯅ ꯂꯦꯟ ꯀꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯚꯔ ꯔꯨꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯛꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯥꯏ/ꯑꯣ ꯄꯣꯔꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯅꯕ ꯕꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯧꯔꯤ ꯫
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ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯕꯤꯜꯅ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ, ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯏꯟꯚꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯠꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯐꯟꯗꯗ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯏ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯁ ꯭ ꯀꯤꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯇ ꯑꯔꯦꯞꯄ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯏꯟꯀꯝ-ꯇꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 1961, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯠ, 2025 ꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯆꯥꯗ 30ꯒꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯈꯪꯂꯦ
ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯜꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯀꯥꯕ (ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ) ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯇꯔ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯨꯞ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯇꯤꯇꯤ 20ꯅ ꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯤ ꯫
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ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ · ꯄꯔꯤꯚꯦꯁ
ꯖꯤ. ꯗꯕꯂ ꯭ ꯌꯨ. 10ꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯂꯔ ꯄ ꯭ ꯂꯥꯟꯠꯅ ꯏ. ꯁꯤ. ꯄꯤꯈ ꯭ ꯔꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯖꯤ. ꯇꯤ. ꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯗ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯁꯣꯂꯔ ꯃꯣꯗ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ (ꯏꯟꯒꯣꯠ...
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ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ
ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯦ. ꯅ ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯊꯨꯡꯅ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯀꯅꯤ
ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯦ.) ꯅ ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯏꯟफ्राꯁꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯛꯆꯔ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯅꯆꯦ ꯄꯤꯔꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
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NCERT
ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯏ. ꯇꯤ. ꯅ ꯗꯤꯛꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ-ꯚꯤ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯀꯦ. ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ.-ꯏꯟ. ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯧꯋꯤ ꯫
ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯁꯤ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯇꯤ. ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ (ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯏ. ꯇꯤ.) ꯅ ꯗꯤꯛꯁꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯜ, ꯗꯤꯛꯁꯥ.
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ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ
ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯦ. ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯅ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯆꯍꯤ 3-1-ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯅꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯦ.) ꯅ...
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CBSE
ꯏ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯗꯤ./ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ <ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯗꯤ. 1>-ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁꯇꯦꯝ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ
ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯦ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯇꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯚꯤꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯀꯦꯞꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯕ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯁꯟꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯔꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯤꯡ...
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯁꯦꯕꯤꯅ ꯑꯗꯥꯅꯤ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟرجی ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕꯗ ꯏꯟꯁꯥꯏꯗꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯈꯤ
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯅꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯑꯅꯤ, ꯀꯨꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯍ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ...
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ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯀ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯕꯣꯔ ꯭ ꯗ
ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯅꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯗꯥꯅꯤ ꯒ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟرجی ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯁ ꯭ ꯀ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯞꯇ ꯏꯟꯁꯥꯏꯗꯔ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯗ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯄꯤ ꯫
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ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤ · ꯄꯔꯤꯚꯦꯁ
ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯖꯔ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯗ ꯏ. ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯕꯤ2 ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯔꯤꯂꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ ꯭ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯅ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯖꯔ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯒꯤꯒꯥꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯟꯚꯥꯏꯔꯟꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯀ ꯭ ꯂꯤꯌꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯄꯤ ꯫